Posts Tagged ‘physics’

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Dreamed Up Reality by Bernardo Kastrup

Welcome to Kala’s Quick Five, where I chat with fascinating authors, artists, teachers, and researchers and ask them five questions about their work. My guest today is Bernardo Kastrup, author of Dreamed Up Reality: Diving into the mind to uncover the astonishing hidden tale of nature. Bernardo Kastrup has a Ph.D. in Computer Engineering and has worked as a scientist in some of the world’s foremost research laboratories, including the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Philips Research Laboratories (where the “Casimir Effect” of Quantum Field Theory was discovered). He has authored many scientific papers. Bernardo has also been an entrepreneur and founder of two high-tech businesses. Currently, he is an executive in one of the world’s most influential technology companies. Bernardo has lived and worked in four different countries across continents. He currently resides in the Netherlands.

Kala: Hi Bernardo, welcome to Kala’s Quick Five. It’s a pleasure to speak with you about your book and your work. As an engineer, you’ve explored nuclear physics, advanced semiconductors and volumes of scientific research in your work. Along this journey, you began to explore what is the definition of “reality” and asked the question, how do our dreams touch on the concept of reality as the subconscious projecting onto the fabric of space and time. As best as you can in this brief format, explain to us your definition and understanding of reality and how our dreams work in this hypothesis.

Bernardo: The funny thing about dreams is that they feel totally real while we are in them, which illustrates unambiguously the power of mind to project a seemingly autonomous and completely convincing reality around itself. Yet, there is one key difference: In waking reality the storyline is constrained by continuity, the laws of logic, and those of physics; in a dream, on the other hand, these constraints do not seem to hold. Now, if reality and mind are fundamentally intertwined, as science has recently all but proven (see Nature 446, 19 April 2007, pp. 871-875), we must explain why our waking reality is not as unconstrained as our nightly dreams. If reality is a projection of our minds, why do the laws of physics seem so unchangeable? The hypothesis I raise in Dreamed up Realityis that, unlike our nightly dreams, consensus reality is a kind of shared, collective ‘dream.’ Many participants contribute to it, so global synchronization constraints spontaneously emerge out of the local interactions between ‘dreamers;’ much in the same way as beautifully coherent patterns of sand ripples on a beach emerge out of the local interactions between individual grains of sand and water.

Just like the globally-coherent patterns of sand ripples on a beach, the laws of physics may emerge from the local interactions of minds.

The laws of physics and logic may simply reflect these emergent global constraints. When awake, we are subject to these constraints; when asleep, perhaps we simply ‘unplug’ from the collective ‘dream’ and become free to live out a private, unconstrained storyline in our personal dreams. Nonetheless, in both cases all we experience may be, fundamentally, a projection of mind.

Kala: In your book, you share scientific evidence which explains how our consciousness has evolved in order to allow our spiritual practices and experiences to bypass the filtering and at times limiting mechanism of the brain. I would describe this in a sense as “freeing our minds” so that they are open to thinking “outside the box.” How do you explain what occurred here with this evolution and do you have any thoughts as to how this evolution may produce people who have evolved with psi abilities including intuition, telepathy and psychokinesis?

Bernardo: Today, science can largely explain human form and behaviour, but not consciousness itself. We just do not know why the calculations in our brains are accompanied by subjective experience and inner life, while analogous calculations in a computer are assumed to be devoid of sentience. This is called the ‘hard problem of consciousness,’ which may force science and philosophy to see consciousness as a fundamental property of nature at large; not generated by specific arrangements of matter but perhaps preceding matter ontologically. In this case, the nervous system, which comprises the brain and our sense organs, may have evolved not to generate consciousness (since consciousness is already there from the beginning anyway), but to ‘trap’ consciousness in the space-time location of the body. This certainly would have had survival advantages: It would have induced consciousness to (mistakenly) identify itself with the physical body and develop a vested interest in the body’s preservation and continuity. Seen this way, our nervous system is rather a filter of consciousness, not its generator. Now, for millions of years this entrapment of consciousness may have played an important survival role. But as our lives become less conditioned by the raw rules of immediate survival, and more conditioned by the landscape of ideas entailed by modern civilization, we may have an opportunity to transcend the filtering mechanisms of the primate brain. The nature of the game may be changing: In the stone age, someone born with an accidental physiological make-up liable to partially releasing consciousness from the entrapment of the ego would probably die rather early, due, for instance, to a predator attack while he or she is daydreaming. Today, that same person could perhaps help millions uncover the deeper, transcendent meaning of their existence, overcome depression, be better parents, and live more fulfilling lives. Intuitive abilities, which may not have been fast or reliable enough to confer a survival advantage in the remote past, given the immediacy and practicality of our survival needs back then, today may have much more value than the instincts of fear and desire that were so useful to primitive humans.

Kala: I work as an esoteric wisdom teacher, teaching the mystery school lessons from the temples of ancient Egypt and Greece. Many would describe me as a mystic, sharing these very old teachings which explain how reality and the spiritual world operate through a spiritual mystical eye and vision. In your work as a scientist, you are sharing the scientific view of how what has been described by those in the spiritual line of work can also now be explained scientifically. Do you think we are drawing closer to a point where science and spirituality can work together in order to explore and possibly further understand and explain some of the deeper questions of how we and the universe operate energetically and consciously?

Bernardo: Mystics seek the great truths of existence through direct experience. Scientists seek the great truths of existence through indirect modelling. The difference here is analogous to that between the map and the territory. The models of science (also called theories) are like maps: Blueprints of nature that allow us to build technology and improve our lives. But these maps are most-definitely not the territory, in that the scientist approaches nature in a detached way, through measurement and statistics, not personal experience. Spending his or her life in a tower of instrumentation, drawing maps, the scientist often misses out on the real journeys of life. The mystic, on the other hand, seeks to immerse him or herself in the territory. He or she will never be content with merely looking at a map of a foreign place, but will need to go there and experience the place first-hand. However, lacking the cartography skills of the scientist, the mystic will often start off on the trail without a reliable map. The journey can then often be frustrating, scary, and even perilous. Not getting anywhere or becoming lost forever, never finding his or her way back, are real risks. Now, both science and mysticism, in my view, have an inherent value. If we were to give up all the maps of science, we would not be able to find our way to myriad new medicines, communication networks, transportation and energy technologies, and so on. Yet, how meaningful would our lives be without the occasional personal visit to a transcendent truth, elusive as it may be? I, for one, am not content with looking at maps without going anywhere. Therefore, the obvious opportunity that insinuates itself to us is the possibility of having both the map and the territory at our disposal. There lie the most promising synergies of our future. But to get there, we must respect the complementarity of both approaches. Hijacking science for lending respectability to unsubstantiated pseudo-mysticism is not helpful. At the same time, hiding behind the arrogance of ‘scientism’ to dismiss the validity of personal experience is equally unhelpful.

Kala: You are quoted as saying, “… As we move into an epigenetic landscape governed and driven by ideas – not genes – we have an opportunity to transcend the primate body and experience the truly unfathomable reality operating inconspicuously right under our noses. There lies the human soul, the universe itself, in its most naked and radiant glory.” Your quote reminded me of author C.S. Lewis who once said, “Humans are amphibians – half spirit and half animal. As spirits they belong to the eternal world, but as animals they inhabit time.” What do you see for our future? Can we evolve past the trappings of space in the third dimension and time in the fourth dimension and move consciously into the fifth dimension? Where do we go from here?

Bernardo: Carl Jung, the famous Swiss psychiatrist, discovered a subtle but profound psychological process that takes place slowly in our lives. He called it ‘individuation.’ Jung empirically derived, through observations of himself and his patients, that our psyches are much deeper and more complex than the viewpoint of the ego, or the identity we ordinarily experience. To put it simply, his observation was that we are much more than we think we are, parts of us potentially being very alien and scary to the ego. Many other ‘personalities,’ some of them with an unfathomably broad and wise perspective on reality, may inhabit the unconscious depths of our psyches. They may influence our thoughts and dreams without us being directly aware of it. But through individuation, we slowly integrate these different personalities together, becoming more and more aware of all aspects of our psyches; of our true, complete, innermost identities. Now, if waking reality is itself a projection of our psyches, as we discussed above, then it is a projection of our complete psyches, not just the provincial viewpoint of the ego (Indeed, this may be part of the explanation why we often feel so estranged from a reality that, as postulated, is a projection of ourselves.) Therefore, it follows logically that, as we become more and more individuated, bringing up to the light of awareness more and more of ourselves, reality itself may become unfathomably broader and, dare I speculate, more conducive to our conscious will. I discuss this at length in my upcoming book Meaning in Absurdity. A higher-dimension metaphor to describe this process, as you suggested in your question, seems to me an appropriate and evocative one.

Kala: One of my favorite authors from the early 20th century was James Allen, who wrote ‘As A Man Thinketh’. His focus was on mind as the master and he was one of the thought leaders of that time who explained how our thoughts create our reality. Many entrepreneurs also understand this concept. Walt Disney is famous for saying “If You Can Dream it, You Can Do It.” Can the laws of physics explain how this concept works with the mind and our dreams and how we manifest our reality through the combination of both and more? How do you use this concept with your work now?

Bernardo: I would tend to see the laws of physics more as a consequence of the concept you describe, rather than an explanation for it. If reality is a projection of mind, then physics itself is a projection. The challenge is for us to explain how seemingly stable, self-consistent, and objective physical laws can emerge from the apparently unstable, voluble, and subjective nature of mind. Above, I suggested one possible explanation: As a shared dream, synchronization constraints may emerge in waking reality, which are then reflected in stable laws. Notice that this explanation assumes that minds are multiple and separate, as empirical observation at first suggests. However, closer observation may lead us in a different direction: Jung observed that, at bottom, we all seem to be connected at a deeply unconscious level of the psyche that he called the ‘collective unconscious.’ Therefore, if there is actually only one mind playing all roles, then our earlier explanation for the emergence of stable physical laws may hold only superficially. At a deeper and truer level, reality may be the projection of one unfathomable mind that is ultimately who we really are, but which we have forgotten in the bottomless depths of the collective unconscious. Perhaps we feel alienated from reality only to the extent that we are alienated from our true, unified inner identity. The practical consequence of this is exciting: By exploring and becoming more familiar with the unconscious depths of our psyches, we can perhaps gain broader mastery over our experienced reality. Only through first understanding how the mechanisms that put reality in place actually work, will we be able to influence those mechanisms. And to understand them, it appears that we need to get to know ourselves with an unprecedented degree of intimacy. This is, in fact, an ancient mystical proposition.

Kala: Bernardo, Thank you for spending time with us here on Kala’s Quick Five. Wishing you continued success in all of your endeavors!

Bernardo: Thank you, Kala, it’s been a pleasure. And I look forward to reading your new book, The Awakened Aura!

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What if the true nature of reality was a lot like an onion, made up of layers upon layers of different levels of reality that, when peeled back, exposed a creative, self-regenerating, web-like core? An infrastructure that contains the whole of all that is, was and ever will be. A source from which everything is interconnected within a grid-like framework.

As modern theoretical physicists search for a unified “Theory of Everything” that will condense the four fundamental forces of nature into one mathematically sound truth, those who dare to explore the paranormal have also begun to search for a cohesive theory which may assist in explaining the vast unknown. How do such things UFOs, ghosts, poltergeists, cryptids, mysterious energy vortices, remote viewing, psi abilities, clairvoyance, mind over matter, teleportation, and many other unexplained phenomenon happen? Where do they come from? What is the mechanism that triggers their manifestation within our simple, three-dimensional reality?

With new discoveries in the cutting edge sciences of quantum theory, brain research, and consciousness studies, that “paranormal theory of everything” may be much closer than we think. And, more exciting, that same theory may also be the veritable Holy Grail sought by physicists and scientists in their attempts to understand how the universe works… not to mention, how we as human beings work.  Behind all the excitement is what the authors of this article call “The R Word.”

Resonance.

Vibration. Frequency. “Jiggle.” Resonance is, according to answers.com  “a matter of one object or force getting in tune with another object. One literal example of this involves shattering a wine glass by hitting a musical note that is on the same frequency as the natural frequency of the glass. Though people seldom witness it directly, the entire world is in a state of motion, and where solid objects are concerned, this motion is manifested as vibration. When the vibrations produced by one object come into alignment with those of another, this is called resonance. Resonance helps to explain all manner of familiar events, from the feedback produced by an electric guitar to the cooking of food in a microwave oven.”

Increasingly, more and more scientists, as well as paranormal researchers, are looking to resonance as a comprehensive model that may bridge the gaps between science and the supernatural, the normal and the paranormal, and perhaps go one step further to explain every facet of reality in between. This theory may indeed center on the vibratory nature of matter as it relates to both the natural and “unnatural” worlds, as well as on harmonics and sound.

Resonance and sound are such important concepts that they have even been linked to nearly every manner of mysterious phenomena reported the world over, including ghosts, UFOs, and energy vortices. Even such hallowed sites as sacred temples, edifices and monuments such as the Pyramid at Giza are not immune! In fact, some believe that the Great Pyramid may have been designed to act as a giant resonating structure attuned to the vibrational frequency of the Earth itself.

But if resonance is the basis for the Theory of Everything, or at least the best theory we have to explain much of what we consider to be “anomalous” or “paranormal,” then how does it work?  As scientists are discovering, the brain appears to act more as a receiver for information, with consciousness choosing what information will be perceived and shaped into reality. What the “mind” resonates with often becomes our reality. This is the foundation for the popular interest in the Law of Attraction as “the secret” to achieving one’s dreams and goals. Yet the brain may also work in tandem with consciousness to perceive a specific frequency, that found in the infrasonic range, to “see” a ghost or sense a presence in the room, evidenced by the research of Vic Tandy, Michael Persinger and others who used sound and frequency as a means to facilitate paranormal “spookiness.”

Research conducted over the last decade has shown irrefutable evidence that the nature of consciousness is associated with the degree of consciousness present and the number of neurons in the brain actively assembled in a synchronized state. This state generally lasts only for a few milliseconds, and then the neurons re-assemble, allowing for a continuously variable state of consciousness. Is it then possible that paranormal phenomena is observed when the brain is experiencing a specific momentary assembly of large numbers of neurons at just the right time to create an altered state of perception?

According to Giulio Tonon, Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, in a November 2004 article in the BMC Neuroscience Journal “Consciousness poses two main problems. The first issue is understanding the conditions that determine to what extent a system has conscious experience. For instance, why is our consciousness generated by certain parts of our brain, such as the thalamocortical system, and not by other parts, such as the cerebellum? And why are we conscious during wakefulness and much less so during dreamless sleep? The second problem involves the understanding of the exact conditions that determine what kind of consciousness a system has. For example, why do specific parts of the brain contribute specific qualities to our conscious experience, such as vision and audition?”

Perhaps, as physicist Amit Gotswami suggests, consciousness is the ground of all being. “When we act in the world we really are acting with causal power. This view does not deny that matter also has causal potency — it does not deny that there is causal power from elementary particles upward, so there is upward causation — but in addition it insists that there is also downward causation. It shows up in our creativity and acts of free will, or when we make moral decisions. In those occasions we are actually witnessing downward causation by consciousness.” The link becomes the vibratory synchronization of consciousness with action, to create, as the Secret tells us, that which we wish to physically manifest. Yet our consciousness needs something to tap into to create these resonant frequencies, and that is where the Grid comes into play.

The concept of the Zero Point Field as a sort of grand, ground universal state of energy has swept the scientific community, but we authors propose that this grand, ground state acts more like a grid, with layers upon layers of levels of reality that can be accessed only when resonance is applied. And the vehicle with which we can move about the Grid is our consciousness. This suggests, as well, that other “beings” or life forms are moving about the Grid, too, and could explain the entire gamut of paranormal phenomena, from aliens to apparitions, as well as psi abilities like remote viewing, ESP and precognition. Within the Grid, there is no linear time, and anyone able to tap into this field of information theoretically should be able to access the past and future.

Reality is all encompassing, and yet, remains veiled – seemingly always out of grasp of our full comprehension. One thing remains constant, however: the connection between resonance and “everything.” If we ourselves are resonance in human form, it behooves us to find what we feel in tune with, and avoid what causes us a sense of disharmony and disorder. Perhaps, the entire Universe operates this way…always seeking out that which it is aligned with to create new matter, new energy, new life.

Does that resonate?

Marie D. Jones and Larry Flaxman will be on The Explore Your Spirit with Kala Show in early 2010 . Check back for the official show date coming soon.

More About Marie D. Jones and Larry Flaxman…
Marie D. Jones and Larry Flaxman are the authors of “The Resonance Key: Exploring the Links Between Vibration, Consciousness and the Zero Point Grid,” and “11:11 – The Time Prompt Phenomenon: The Meaning Behind Mysterious Signs, Sequences and Synchronicities.” More info at: http://mariedjones.com

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Recently, I interviewed Tom Campbell about his work researching altered states of consciousness with Robert Monroe at Monroe Laboratories in the early 1970s where he and a few others were instrumental in getting Monroe’s laboratory for the study of consciousness up and running. These early drug-free consciousness pioneers helped design experiments, developed the technology for creating specific altered states, and were the main subjects of study all at the same time.

I’m pleased to present this interview with Tom Campbell to you here on The Bohemian Blog…

Kala: Hi Tom, Welcome to Explore Your Spirit with Kala’s Bohemian Blog, a pleasure to have you here.  You were involved with researching consciousness in the early 1970′s with Robert (Bob) Monroe at the Monroe Institute.  Regarding the topic of consciousness, some levels of consciousness are described as “altered states”.  Can you explain this term as well as-  How you define consciousness and altered states?

Tom: “Altered states of consciousness” refer to various states of awareness.  “Altered” implies that they are qualitatively different than one’s awareness in physical reality.  Consciousness has four attributes:
1 it takes in data (information)
2 it has memory
3 it processes the data (sorts, analyzes, and compares, etc)
4 it is self modifying (it evolves)

Kala: You’re a physicist (my favorite type of scientist) as I find that physicists have the most expansive and open of minds and can see the greater good, bad and all the levels in between. For the past 20 years, you’ve worked developing missile defense systems.  In this level of consciousness, how do you see our world at large, the big picture overview?

Tom: This reality system is an elementary school.  Fear, belief, and ego dominate the landscape, unconditional love is in short supply.  Most of us are doing the best we can with what we have and understand.  It’s a wonderful  place to grow up.

Kala: Robert Monroe spoke of you in his book Far Journeys referring to your scientific research and experiences.  In your research, what are some of the most life altering and mind expanding results that you’ve uncovered?

Tom:
1 The only thing that is fundamental is consciousness – all else is virtual
2 Consciousness is a self modifying evolving digital information system
3 The consciousness system is finite and imperfect
4 Physical reality is a virtual reality
5 There are many virtual reality frames and we exist in several of them
6 Physical and non physical are not fundamental – it is only a matter of perspective (Next level of relativity theory: there is no fundamental reality frame)
7 Evolution criteria, Love, and spiritual growth are all defined in terms of entropy a measurable quantity
8 Three databases define all that is likely to happen, all that did happened and all that might have happened but didn’t (these are called the Akashic records in Hindu theology)
9 There is no such thing as an objective reality – all reality is interpreted. Light, energy, energy bodies, guides, chakras, oversoul, higher self, Reiki symbols, acupuncture technique, Ouija boards, pendulum oracles, I Ching, etc. are all metaphors/tools – consciousness is the only active ingredient.
10 The paranormal is perfectly normal
11 Quantum Mechanics is derivable from first principles
12 Physics and metaphysics become one understanding
13 Metaphysics, philosophy and theology all become transparent and one can easily see and derive the threads of Big Truth that run through them. These are just the tip of the iceberg.

Kala: Your book, My Big TOE is described as …”unifies science and philosophy, physics and metaphysics, mind and matter, purpose and meaning, the normal and the paranormal. The entirety of human experience (mind, body, and spirit) including both our objective and subjective worlds, are brought together under one seamless scientific understanding”.  The vision statement of why I created The Explore Your Spirit with Kala Show, was to connect the scientific and spiritual arenas to each other, as I believe that a deeper understanding of the cosmos can occur when scientists work with mystics and compare notes, research and experiences.  Do you see this happening in the 21st century?

Tom: Maybe – we haven’t turned the corner yet.  However now that there is a scientific theory  that unites both perhaps some progress will be made.  One can only hope.

Kala: In your title, My Big TOE, “TOE” is an acronym used in the physics community that stands for “Theory of Everything” and is described in conversations as the “Holy Grail” for physicists.  How close have you come in your work to this theory and finding the metaphorical grail?

Tom: It is done.  The theory is complete – I and others continue to search for Big picture experiences (physical and spiritual) that are not fully explained by this theory and have found none yet – physical details will come later as scientists compute the logical conclusions in their own fields.

Kala: Is My Big TOE the first book of your trilogy. Tell us about the other books to come…

Tom: My Big TOE is the name of the trilogy.  The three books are Awakening, Discovery and Inner Workings.

Kala: You’re the Keynote Speaker at the Monroe’s Institute’s 22nd Professional Seminar, which will be held in March, 2010. What is the agenda for this event….

Tom: The agenda has not been determined yet, however the theme of the 22nd Professional Seminar is “Consciousness: The Endless Frontier”

Kala: Who is Tom Campbell, the man behind the research? How has following this life path allowed you to “Explore Your Spirit”?

Tom: It has allowed me to understand what spirit is, how we are connected to it, its purpose, and how the evolution of spirit works.  It is so much easier to learn and grow when you understand what is going on and why it is going on.  Everything is clear and makes good sense.  That being said, spiritual growth does not take place within the intellect – change must be at the being level.  I would not trade this path I have been on for anything.

Kala: I knew Laurie Monroe and her desire to continue the work being done at the Monroe Institute and I was involved with the Rhine Research Center for several years. Where do you see scientific research on consciousness, the mind/body/spirit and the metaphysical and paranormal going in the future? It’s always been a struggle to get mainstream science and universities to support what they consider to be alternative theories. Do you see this changing or evolving?

Tom: The fundamental beliefs upon which science is based is part of the problem.   Science wants/demands consciousness to be physical — to be constrained by the little picture rule-set – to be reduced to physical causality.  It doesn’t work that way – that is illogical. The subset cannot contain or explain the superset. Science is doomed to fail at taming the paranormal and must be relegated to “observing phenomena” that exits beyond their control until they change their fundamental beliefs.  Also in my books I introduce the psi uncertainty principle (a part of our rule set just like gravity) that requires a certain amount of global (as opposed to local) uncertainty to exist around psi events in order to maintain the integrity of our physical reality frame (learning lab).

Kala: If you could summarize your work into a few sentences, what do you wish you could explain to humanity about consciousness?

Tom: It’s all about growing up and becoming love – that is your purpose – evolving the quality of your consciousness; and the larger consciousness system will support you in achieving that purpose to the extent that you allow it.

Kala: Tom, thank you for your time with this interview. We look forward to having you on The Explore Your Spirit with Kala Show for a more in-depth interview soon.

Tom: My pleasure Kala.  Discovery of fundamental truth is good – sharing that truth with others is even better.  Much Eastern philosophy, western mysticism, science, and theology supports this theory.  The ideas I present have been known and understood from prehistoric time to today.  What I bring to the table is that others describe, I derive.  Where others explain using poetry and metaphor, I explain in terms of contemporary science. It is not that I have discovered something that has never been experienced before, rather that I have explained what has been intuited for millennia in terms of the logic of western science.

More info about Tom Campbell…
Tom Campbell began researching altered states of consciousness with Bob Monroe (Journeys Out Of The Body, Far Journeys, and The Ultimate Journey) at Monroe Laboratories in the early 1970s where he and a few others were instrumental in getting Monroe’s laboratory for the study of consciousness up and running. These early drug-free consciousness pioneers helped design experiments, developed the technology for creating specific altered states, and were the main subjects of study (guinea pigs) all at the same time. Campbell has been experimenting with, and exploring the subjective and objective mind ever since. For the past thirty years, Campbell has been focused on scientifically exploring the properties, boundaries, and abilities of consciousness.
During that same time period, he has excelled as a working scientist, a professional physicist dedicated to pushing back the frontiers of cutting edge technology, large-system simulation, technology development and integration, and complex system vulnerability and risk analysis. Presently, and for the past 20 years, he has been at the heart of developing US missile defense systems and presently works for NASA.  Tom is the “TC (physicist)” described in Bob Monroe’s second book Far Journeys and has been a serious explorer of the frontiers of reality, mind, consciousness, and psychic phenomena since the early 1970s. My Big TOE is a model of existence and reality that is based directly on Campbell’s scientific research and firsthand experience. It represents the results and conclusions of thirty years of careful scientific exploration of the boundaries and contents of reality from both the physical and metaphysical viewpoints. The author has made every effort to approach his explorations without bias or preconceived notions. There is no belief system, dogma, creed, or unusual assumptions at the root of My Big TOE.  By demanding high quality repeatable, empirical, evidential data to separate what’s real (exists independently and externally) from what’s imaginary or illusory; Campbell has succeeded in logically deriving a scientific general model of reality that explains the normal and the paranormal, physics and metaphysics, body, mind and spirit. More info at: www.my-big-toe.com

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